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CZECHGLOBE
Global Change Research Institute, CAS
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PROJECTS

Database of projects currently being solved as well as already completed projects.

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Number of projects found: 285

Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Fagus sylvatica trees and adjacent soil

Provider: Akademie věd ČR
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: Methane, CH4, nitrous oxide, N2O, stem emission, soil emission, beech, Fagus sylvatica, transpiration stream, profile measurements, seasonal changes, massive root, fine roots, gas production, gas consumption, gas diffusion coefficient
Annotation of project:
Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) can be emitted from surfaces of plants, especially aerenchymatic plants. However, studies on upland trees lacking an aerenchyma are rare. Therefore, the objective of this interdisciplinary project connecting plant physiology and soil sciences will be to determine whether and to which extent mature beech trees emit N2O and CH4 under field conditions. The study will be performed in two beech forests in the Czech Republic and Germany. Four measurement campaigns spread over the whole year will enable to study the effects of various climate conditions on the tree and adjacent soil emissions and their seasonal changes. The emissions will be studied using static chamber systems, and chromatographic and continuous laser analyses. Monitoring simultaneously soil N2O and CH4 profiles will allow to assess the within-soil gas flux, and thus to localize the production and consumption site of N2O and CH4 in the soil. Aligning the profile measurements of soil gases along a major root will allow to study possible CH4 and N2O emission from massive vs fine roots.

Adaptation of settlements to the climate change

Provider: Ministerstvo financí
Recipient: Civitas per Populi
Another participant in the project / Organizational Unit guaranteeing Solutions: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: climate change, settlements
Annotation of project:
The main objective of the project is to contribute to mitigating the negative impacts of climate change on settlements (cities and towns) CR is the adaptation of settlements in the Czech Republic to the consequences of climate change.

Sucho v oblasti jižní Moravy jednoznačně patří k extrémním situacím s nejvážnějšími environmentálními i ekonomickými důsledky. Tento fenomén na jižní Moravě negativně ovlivňuje celou řadu ekosystémových služeb od zemědělské a lesní produkce, přes půdní funkce a biodiverzitu a v některých situacích i turistický ruch. Naše dosavadní výsledky ukazují, že v důsledku měnících se klimatických podmínek dochází od 60. let minulého století k postupnému poklesu obsahu vody v půdě a tím roste riziko i intenzita suchých epizod. Je navíc velmi pravděpodobné, že v důsledku probíhající klimatické změny dojde ke zvýšení variability klimatu a tedy i k častějšímu výskytu suchých epizod, které se mohou vyznačovat větší intenzitou. To by mohlo vést k nižší stabilitě zemědělské produkce, což ovlivní nejen ceny a množství potravin od regionálních producentů, ale i zpracovatelský průmysl a navazující odvětví.

Provider: Akademie věd ČR
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: drought, climate change, drought monitoring
Annotation of project:
xxx

New technologies of the gaining of bioactive compounds from medicinal and aromatic plants as a sources of active substances of botanical pesticides and food supplements.

Provider: Ministerstvo zemědělství
Recipient: Výzkumný ústav potravinářský Praha, v.v.i.
Recipient: Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci
Recipient: Ing. Pavel Cvrček
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Coordinating recipient: Výzkumný ústav rostlinné výroby, v.v.i.
Keywords: medicinal and aromatic plants ; plant protection; botanical pesticides ; explant culture; production technology
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
The aim of this project is to develop new technology of the gaining of bioactive compounds from medicinal and aromaticplants, which would allow to standardize of the maximum possible content of active substances in plant material. These technologies would allow to obtain a source of safe material in the case of selected cultures, it means material without hazardous chemicals (pesticides, mycotoxins), utilisable for the manufacturing of botanical pesticides or the food supplements and biologically active foods.

Integrated pest management of cereal crops against pathogens, weeds and insects for sustainable production of food, feed and raw materials

Provider: Ministerstvo zemědělství
Recipient: Agrotest fyto, s.r.o.
Recipient: Mendelova univerzita v Brně
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Coordinating recipient: Výzkumný ústav rostlinné výroby, v.v.i.
Keywords: Cereal crops, IPM, pathogen, weed, insect, plant protection
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
The aim of the project is to achieve new knowledge to increase the effectiveness of protection of cereal crops in an economically and environmentally sustainable farming systems on arable land, minimize the use of pesticides and prevent the negative effects of pesticides on the environment, as well as eliminate pesticide residues in plant products, and to ensure food safety of domestic origin, support the implementation of Directive 2009/128 / EC (sustainable use of pesticides) and ensure the competitiveness of Czech agriculture.

Development of urban adaptation strategies using ecosystem-based approaches to adaptation

Provider: Ministerstvo financí
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Another participant in the project / Organizational Unit guaranteeing Solutions: CI2, o.p.s.
Another participant in the project / Organizational Unit guaranteeing Solutions: Útvar koncepce a rozvoje města Plzně
Another participant in the project / Organizational Unit guaranteeing Solutions: Institute for the Sustainability Studies, University of Iceland
Another participant in the project / Organizational Unit guaranteeing Solutions: České vysoké učení technické v Praze
Another participant in the project / Organizational Unit guaranteeing Solutions: Univerzita Jana Evangelisty Purkyně v Ústí nad Labem
Another participant in the project / Organizational Unit guaranteeing Solutions: Nadace Partnerství
Another participant in the project / Organizational Unit guaranteeing Solutions: Institut plánování a rozvoje hlavního města Prahy
Keywords: urban adaption, adaption strategies
Annotation of project:
xxx

Czechadapt – System for Exchange of Information on Climate Change Impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation Measures on the Territory of the Czech Republic

Provider: Ministerstvo financí
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Recipient / Organizational Unit guaranteeing Solutions: Norwegian University of Life Sciences
Recipient / Organizational Unit guaranteeing Solutions: Mendelova univerzita v Brně
Keywords: adaptation, climate change
Annotation of project:
xxx

CzechGlobe 2020 – Development of the Centre of Global Climate Change Impacts Studies

Provider: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: global change; climate change; green house gas; GHG fluxes; remote sensing; geochemical cycles; climate modelling; production; biodiversity; biofuels; bioenergy; aclimation and adaptation; climatology; ecology; plant ecological physiology; metabolomics
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
The subject matter of the project is financing of science and development for ensuring effective sustainability and development of CzechGlobe – Centre for Global Climate Change Impacts Studies, which was formed within the scope of the Operational Programme Research and Development for Innovation in 2010-2014. The main goal of the project is scientific and research activity and continuous development of the research infrastructure of CzechGlobe for the purpose of enforcement of competitiveness of the Czech research of the global change impacts in these areas: - Support and implementation of the research in the area of the global climate change impacts, ecosystems and human society, development of the corresponding adaptation and innovation procedures. - Development of the research infrastructure of CzechGlobe in connection with the global change research requirements, creation of conditions for the human resources development with emphasis on strengthening of upbringing, education and mobility of students and researchers. - Intensification of the long-term international cooperation, mainly through active participation in the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) and other international projects. - Intensive cooperation with the public and private sector with the aim to implement the results created in CzechGlobe, and thus to strengthen the social and economic development of the Czech Republic.

Utilizing Digital Technologies of Elaboration of Archive Aerial Photographs for Factual Surveying of Drainage Systems in S-JTSK Datum

Provider: Technologická agentura ČR
Coordinating recipient: Výzkumný ústav meliorací a ochrany půdy, v.v.i.
Another participant in the project: VÝZKUMNÝ ÚSTAV GEODETICKÝ, TOPOGRAFICKÝ A KARTOGRAFICKÝ, V.V.I.
Another participant in the project: Zemědělské družstvo Maleč
Another participant in the project: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: archive aerial photos; aerial photos; analytical aerotriangulation; orthophotomaps; melioration; drainage systems; hyperspectral sensing
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
The project objective is creating the new positionally correct documentation of the drainage systems on the basis of archive and current aerial photographs or orthophotomaps created from them. Knowledge of the precise location of the drainage system will be the source for drainage system administration comparable with other utility networks, which must be respected and considered within planning activities in the landscape. The positional accuracy will correspond to the maximal accuracy that can be obtained by exact mathematical and photogrammetric procedures from the current and archive photographs. Knowledge of correct location will also be the basic information for entry of land charge in the land register within the meaning of the new Cadastre Act and Civil Code.

Dynamics of complex reaction networks in enzyme reactors and photobioreactors

Provider: Grantová agentura České republiky
Coordinating recipient: Vysoká škola chemicko-technologická v Praze
Another participant in the project: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: complex reaction mechanisms; biochemical reaction networks; dynamical instabilities; oscillations; enzyme reactors; unicellular photosynthetic organisms; photobioreactors; circadian and metabolic rhythms; emergent phenomena; chemical logic gates
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
Proposed research is focused on dynamics of biochemical reactions in vitro and in vivo examined from the viewpoint of oscillations and other emergent phenomena that occur through interaction of subsystems. The first examined system are oscillatory enzyme reactions in a stirred reactor with the aim of explaining experimentally found oscillations as a consequence of interaction of dominant reaction subnetworks. The second type are coupled enzyme reactors where emergent inhomogeneous steady states (Turing structures) are used in constructing logic functions on biochemical basis. Hierarchically most complex is the system of photosynthesizing unicellular organisms in a photobioreactor. Experimentally observed metabolic/ultradian/circadian rhythms will be described as biochemical reaction network and occurrence of oscillations will be examined using stability theory of reaction networks and bifurcation analysis. The main goal is to identify pathways and mechanisms causing the oscillations and other emergent phenomena in the outlined types of reactors and to categorize them.