Provider: European Space Agency
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: vegetation fluorescence
Annotation of project:
The scientific objectives of HYFLEX are derived from the scientific objectives of FLEX. The FLEX mission concept aims to provide global maps of vegetation fluorescence, which can be converted into an indicator of photosynthetic activity. These data would improve the current understanding of the amount of carbon stored in plants and their role in the carbon and water cycles. The HYFLEX campaign will support the in-flight testing of the prototype HYPLANT airborne instrument/sensor, owned by Contractor, and the preparation and execution of flights in 2012 to support the demonstration of FLEX capabilities in: 1) Improved understanding ofthe role of vegetation in the water cycle 2) Monitoring of vegetation health status By combining the Agency-funded technical and scientific flights with already ongoing activities for instrument assembly and ground based testing in the framework of national programmes, a cost effective solution is achieved.

Provider: 7. rámcový program
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: Ecosystems
Annotation of project:
The aim of ANAEE is “to develop a coordinated set of experimental platforms to analyse and predict the responses of ecosystems to environmental changes and to engineer management techniques”. This aim is well founded in previous design studies, ongoing short term ecosystem infrastructures and past and ongoing national and international networks of ecosystem experiments, which all have demonstrated the strong need for coordinated international experimental facilities and activities and the strength in implementing instruments to facilitate and initiate them. It has also been stressed that such infrastructures need to employ and provide complementary types of platforms and facilities such as ecotrons, in natura experimentation, analytical facilities and modelling platforms. Finally, key ecosystem processes with particular strength to be analysed have been identified such as atmosphere-soil-aquatic feedback mechanisms, short term vs. Long term response interactions, long term information, multi-driver and multidisciplinary approaches etc. However, the “grand vision” and the full value of such an infrastructure based on a coordinated set of experimental platforms has not been fully defined and made explicit enough and has not been formulated into complete lists of services for a wide range of societal entities going beyond traditional needs by scientific communities. Consequently, there is a need to discuss and define in a wider user community specific criteria for “a coordinated set of platforms”. Several aspects of the research can be coordinated, as well as important aspects upstream of the research (e.g. call for proposals) and downstream (e.g. expertise). Options for more or less integration for all these aspects have to be set up early in the preparatory phase in order to prepare the foundation for the other workpackages developing the details of the infrastructure. Thoughts have previously been focused on developing the four types of research platforms put within ANAEE individually. To increase the value of these, the development of ANAEE will increase the focus on the services to be delivered and the establishment of joint (centralised) facilities.

Provider: 7. rámcový program
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: Multiparametric field analysis, Non - invasive readings, optical sensor
Annotation of project:
In August 2009 was fully implemented the reformo f the Common Market Orhanization for wine (CR N479/2008,29-04-2008). It aims at reducing the 24 milion hl/year surplus of basic low quality wine, phasing out the €500 milion /year spent on wine disposal subsidies and making EU wine more competitive. This Reform, together with other market constraints will endanger all EU Winegrowing SMEs. Tpo survive, they will have to increase corp value, reduce the production of basic wine and convert part into premium quality. This can be achieved by implementing new and more effective field controlů methods. Premivm proposes a low-cost handheld device capable of non invasively estimating ripeness and vigour parameters for grapes and vine plants. All this in vineyard, by means of the innovative use of chlprophyll fluorescence will provide data to precisely control the field, and increase production value up to 25% (expected yearly €2500/unit, consortium manufacture and distribution SMEs PSI and AGRI estimate, through a joint – venture, to reach at leasr 2% of the market in 5 years. This is equivalent to an expected income of €70 milion, with a €30 milion profit and ROI of 0,86. The consortium provides the complementary business capabilities, commerical networks and research expertise to guarantee the technology in testing, validating, using and protecting the results outsourced and prototyping of RTDs BIOENG, KIT and ISBE.

Provider: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: urban agriculture - multifunctional landscape - gardenning - ecological/integrated/conventional agriculture - gardeners practices - brownfields - adaptation - climate change - heat island effect - quality of life - urban planning - urban stream
Web of the project: http://www.isvav.cz/projectDetail.do?rowId=LD13033
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
The aim of the project is to analyse specific situation of urban agriculture within te urban structure of towns in the Czech republic, including introducing examples of good practice and contribute to research and conceptual framework on european context. The next aim is to analyse connection of urban agriculture and urban adaptation to climate change and investigate the perception of UA. Dalším cílem je analyzovat, do jaké míry existuje souvislost mezi různými způsoby provozování městského zemědělství a možnostmi adaptace měst na změnu klimatu. Včetně nastavení podmínek, za jakých by jeho provozování mohlo být považováno za vhodné při respektování ochrany životního prostředí, zdraví a kvality života. Nedílným cílem sociologického výzkumu, jehož realizace bude součástí projektu, bude zkoumání percepce městského zemědělství obyvateli a představiteli měst a obcí, postavení jeho místa ve struktuře měst a identifikace faktorů, které umožňují nebo naopak zabraňují jeho rozvoji.

Provider: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: Climate Change, Migration, Adaptation strategies, methodology, perception
Web of the project: http://www.isvav.cz/projectDetail.do?rowId=LD13032
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
The main objective of the project is to improve understanding of relations between climate change and migration. This will be achieved by using methods of theoretical and empirical research. Another objective of the project is to expand research capacity on the issue of climate change and migration in the Czech Republic and to engage the Czech research body into international research consortias and structures. Sub-objectives of the project: 1) Contribution on the creation of the concept of environmentally-induced migration 2) Analysis of environmental migration research methods and estimations of environmental migrants 3) Analysis of different migration processes when population is exposed to similar manifestations of climate change 4) Analysis of migration as an adaptation strategy 5) Analysis of perception of environmental changes associated with climate change by affected population 6) Design of a field study dealing with the issue of climate extremes impacts on demographic processes

Provider: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: carbon assimilation and sequestration environmantal metabolomics Norway spruce ozone stress plant physiology stress tolerance volatile organic compounds
Web of the project: http://www.isvav.cz/projectDetail.do?rowId=LD13031
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
The project aims to increase knowledge about the role of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in protection of plants and to determine the impact of BVOC emissions on the carbon balance of a spruce forest, particularly under extreme conditions. Since BVOC emission potentiates ozone production, it may be desirable to reduce BVOC emission in species/clones used for large plantations such as spruce in central Europe. However, BVOC emission may increase a resistance of plants to abiotic stresses and thus be desirable to increase BVOC emission from certain species. Particular aims are to develop the methodology for the parallel estimation of CO2 assimilation rate and carbon losses from plants via BVOC emissions, to describe seasonal changes in BVOC emissions under field conditions, to describe BVOC emissions induced by high ozone concentration and temperatures, to describe constitutive and stress-induced BVOC emissions, and to establish database for a validation of models of carbon sequestration.

Provider: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: water foot-print, crop growth models, water balance models, water balance measurements, field experiments, Bowen ratio, Scintilometry, Eddy covariance
Web of the project: http://www.isvav.cz/projectDetail.do?rowId=LD13030
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
The main aim of the project is to determine water foot print (WFP) of the main staple crops as well as selected bio-energy crops grown in the Czech Republic and comparison of the established WFPs with results of other countries associated in Euro-AGRIWAT project. Quantification of regional WFP that has not so far been carried out in the Czech Republic will allow more holistic approach towards sustainability of water resources for crops, agrosystems and the landscape as a whole. To achieve the main aim three objectives will be followed: a) Establishment and high-intensity maintenance of field experiments in order to gather new data for determining WFP. b) Modification of model tools capable of determining of the WFP under present and future climates for all selected crops. The models will be applied also beyond Czech borders in other Euro-AGRIWAT countries. c) Exchange of data with the COST ES1106 partners to allow for valuable, generally applicable (and highly cited) papers in renowned journals.

Provider: 7. rámcový program
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: Carbon Observation System
Annotation of project:
The ICOS project will build an infrastructure for co-ordinated, integrated, long-term high-quality observational data of the greenhouse balance of Europe and of adjacent key regions of Siberia and Africa. Consisting of a centre for co-ordination, calibration and data in conjunction with networks of atmospheric and ecosystem observations, ICOS is designed to create the scientific backbone for a better understanding and quantification of greenhouse gas sources and sinks and their feedback with climate change. The overarching objectives of ICOS are: To provide the long-term observations required to improve understanding of the present state and future behavior of the global carbon cycle and greenhouse gas emissions, and the factors that control the changing atmospheric composition in greenhouse gases. To monitor and assess the effectiveness of carbon sequestration and/or greenhouse gases emission reduction activities on global atmospheric composition levels, including attribution of sources and sinks by region and sector at atmospheric and ecosystem level. These objectives will be achieved by: Establishing a central facility, the ICOS-centre, which is responsible for co-ordination, calibration and data handling. Maintaining a co-ordinated, integrated, long-term high-quality network of atmospheric and ecosystem observations. Improving access to existing and future atmospheric and ecosystem data for research, and forpolitical decisions. Improving access to state-of-the-art facilities for ecosystem measurements for the European research community. Providing European terrestrial ground-truth data for the validation of emerging remotely sensed datasets on atmospheric composition and land cover as provided e.g. by GMES. Contributing the European share to a global greenhouse gas observation network under IGCO and UNFCCC.

Provider: Ministerstvo zemědělství
Coordinating recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: crop growth models, food security, climate change, winter wheat, spring barley, winter oil seed rape, yield stability, climate variability
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
The main goal of the project is to develop and apply innovative methodology that will make possible to use crop model ensembles in order to assess production potential of the main crops in present and expected climate conditions. In the same time the project will allow for unprecedented validation of the crop models within the Czech Republic. Project ambition is to address the issue not only in the Czech Republic but through cooperation within JPI FACCE pilot project use European database of experimental data and methodologies to improve outputs of the Czech users. The decision makers will benefit from the information for forming national and regional strategies that will be obtained in European context. The project will for each of the selected crops (winter wheat, spring barley and oil seed rape) prepare ensemble of at least 5 (assumed number is 8) crop models that will be validated using both experimental data and regional statistics. This crop model ensembles will be then used to assess the production potential under present and expected climatic conditions. The impact assessment will be accompanied by adaptation option analysis and its potential benefits for providing food security within the Czech Republic.

Provider: 7. rámcový program
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: airborne research infrastructures ; environmental and geo-science ; hyperspectral imagery ; climate change and air quality; aircraft
Annotation of project:
EUFAR is the Integrating Activity for airborne research in Geo-science. It will integrate the airborne community, to ensure that researchers may have access to the most suited infrastructure they need, irrespective of the location of the infrastructure. The EUFAR consortium comprises 33 legal entities. 15 operators of airborne facilities, and 18 experts in airborne research. They contribute to 9 Networking Activities, Trans-national Access to 25 installations, and 3 Joint Research Activities. A Scientific Advisory Committee, constituted of eminent scientists, contributes to a better integration of the users with the operators to tackle new user driven developments. Transnational Access coordination aims at providing a wider and more efficient access to the infrastructures. The working group for the Future of the Fleet fosters the joint development of airborne infrastructures in terms of capacity and performance. The Expert Working Groups facilitate a wider sharing of knowledge and technologies across fields. The activity for Education and Training provides training courses to new users. The working group on Standards and Protocols contributes to better structure the way research infrastructures operate. The development of a distributed data base for airborne activities improves the access to the data collected by the aircraft. All these activities rely on an unique web portal to airborne research in Europe. The working group on the Sustainable Structure aims at promoting solutions for the long term sustainability of EUFAR. Among the JRA, one will develop and characterize airborne hygrometers, the second one will develop and implement quality layers in the processing chains of hyperspectral imagery, and the third one will develop an airborne drop spectrometer based on a new principle.