Provider: 7. rámcový program
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: Carbon Observation System
Annotation of project:
The ICOS project will build an infrastructure for co-ordinated, integrated, long-term high-quality observational data of the greenhouse balance of Europe and of adjacent key regions of Siberia and Africa. Consisting of a centre for co-ordination, calibration and data in conjunction with networks of atmospheric and ecosystem observations, ICOS is designed to create the scientific backbone for a better understanding and quantification of greenhouse gas sources and sinks and their feedback with climate change. The overarching objectives of ICOS are: To provide the long-term observations required to improve understanding of the present state and future behavior of the global carbon cycle and greenhouse gas emissions, and the factors that control the changing atmospheric composition in greenhouse gases. To monitor and assess the effectiveness of carbon sequestration and/or greenhouse gases emission reduction activities on global atmospheric composition levels, including attribution of sources and sinks by region and sector at atmospheric and ecosystem level. These objectives will be achieved by: Establishing a central facility, the ICOS-centre, which is responsible for co-ordination, calibration and data handling. Maintaining a co-ordinated, integrated, long-term high-quality network of atmospheric and ecosystem observations. Improving access to existing and future atmospheric and ecosystem data for research, and forpolitical decisions. Improving access to state-of-the-art facilities for ecosystem measurements for the European research community. Providing European terrestrial ground-truth data for the validation of emerging remotely sensed datasets on atmospheric composition and land cover as provided e.g. by GMES. Contributing the European share to a global greenhouse gas observation network under IGCO and UNFCCC.

Provider: Ministerstvo zemědělství
Coordinating recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: crop growth models, food security, climate change, winter wheat, spring barley, winter oil seed rape, yield stability, climate variability
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
The main goal of the project is to develop and apply innovative methodology that will make possible to use crop model ensembles in order to assess production potential of the main crops in present and expected climate conditions. In the same time the project will allow for unprecedented validation of the crop models within the Czech Republic. Project ambition is to address the issue not only in the Czech Republic but through cooperation within JPI FACCE pilot project use European database of experimental data and methodologies to improve outputs of the Czech users. The decision makers will benefit from the information for forming national and regional strategies that will be obtained in European context. The project will for each of the selected crops (winter wheat, spring barley and oil seed rape) prepare ensemble of at least 5 (assumed number is 8) crop models that will be validated using both experimental data and regional statistics. This crop model ensembles will be then used to assess the production potential under present and expected climatic conditions. The impact assessment will be accompanied by adaptation option analysis and its potential benefits for providing food security within the Czech Republic.

Provider: 7. rámcový program
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: airborne research infrastructures ; environmental and geo-science ; hyperspectral imagery ; climate change and air quality; aircraft
Annotation of project:
EUFAR is the Integrating Activity for airborne research in Geo-science. It will integrate the airborne community, to ensure that researchers may have access to the most suited infrastructure they need, irrespective of the location of the infrastructure. The EUFAR consortium comprises 33 legal entities. 15 operators of airborne facilities, and 18 experts in airborne research. They contribute to 9 Networking Activities, Trans-national Access to 25 installations, and 3 Joint Research Activities. A Scientific Advisory Committee, constituted of eminent scientists, contributes to a better integration of the users with the operators to tackle new user driven developments. Transnational Access coordination aims at providing a wider and more efficient access to the infrastructures. The working group for the Future of the Fleet fosters the joint development of airborne infrastructures in terms of capacity and performance. The Expert Working Groups facilitate a wider sharing of knowledge and technologies across fields. The activity for Education and Training provides training courses to new users. The working group on Standards and Protocols contributes to better structure the way research infrastructures operate. The development of a distributed data base for airborne activities improves the access to the data collected by the aircraft. All these activities rely on an unique web portal to airborne research in Europe. The working group on the Sustainable Structure aims at promoting solutions for the long term sustainability of EUFAR. Among the JRA, one will develop and characterize airborne hygrometers, the second one will develop and implement quality layers in the processing chains of hyperspectral imagery, and the third one will develop an airborne drop spectrometer based on a new principle.

Provider: Grantová agentura České republiky
Recipient: Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě
Another participant in the project: Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci
Another participant in the project: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll a fluorescence, dynamics of regulation of photosystem II function and organization, violaxanthin deepoxidation, response to elevated temperature and ligh, Norway spruce, barley, Arabidopsis
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
Assimilatory apparatus of higher plants is permanently exposed to variable environments, among which intensity of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and temperature can change dramatically in rapid time-scale. The zeaxanthin and PsbS dependent nonradiative dissipation of absorbed light within PS II (NRD) have been extensively studied as a crucial protective process mitigating oxidative damage of thylakoid membranes under high-light stress. However, considerably less information is available on the role of this regulatory mechanism in response of plants to elevated temperatures in combination with different PAR intensities. The project proposal is aimed to provide new information on impact of temperature and light on dynamics of regulation of PS II function with focus on: 1, explanation of the factors that determine the species-specific differences of NRD role in PS II protection; 2, characterization of the role of different dynamics of NRD regulation on photosynthetic performance of plants under natural changes of light and temperature during vegetation period.

Provider: 7. rámcový program
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: Cost-Benefit; Bottom-Up; Participation; Case-studies; Adaptation strategies; Sectors; EU, national, regional, local; Policy support.
Annotation of project:
Climate change can disrupt ecological, social and economic systems, with some regions and sectors suffering significantly. Therefore, adaptation plays a paramount role in responding to climate change. Progress has been made, but there are still important obstacles. Knowledge of the benefits and costs of adaptation is sparse, unsystematic and unevenly distributed across sectors and countries. Planning suffers from substantial uncertainties in terms of precise impacts. It is also difficult to reconcile the bottom-up nature of adaptation with top-down strategic policy making on adaptation. To address these challenges BASE will: Improve adaptation knowledge availability, integration and utilization Case studies will be used to understand facilitators of, and barriers to, adaptation. Over 20 cases have been selected to cover the diversity of adaptation, simultaneously paying attention to the need for generalization and comparability. The gap between top-down strategic assessments of costs and benefits and empirical context-sensitive bottom-up analyses will be bridged using novel combinations of models and qualitative analyses. Promote and strengthen stakeholder participation in adaptation BASE will support stakeholder involvement through novel participatory and co-design techniques. Successful bottom-up initiatives will be studied, and the use of knowledge, two-way learning, the role of social media and other awareness raising methods and tools will be explored. Support coherent, multi-level, multi-sector integrated adaptation policies BASE will provide policy guidelines by integrating lessons from past experiences, case studies, insights provided by modeling and stakeholder participation. Issues of multilevel, cross sectoral and inter-temporal governance that are presently weakly tackled will be highlighted. Potential conflicts and synergies of adaptation with other important policies will be explored to overcome constraints caused by context-related inertias.

Provider: Grantová agentura České republiky
Recipient: Masarykova univerzita
Another participant in the project: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: hydrometeorological extreme - temporal and spatial variability - historical climatology - historical hydrology - documentary data - systematic meteorological observations - Southern Moravia
Detail of project in RVVI: RVVI
Annotation of project:
Hydrometeorological extremes (floods, thunderstorms, windstorms, hailstorms, torrential rains, frosts, droughts) cause material damage and loss of human lives. Expected changes in their frequency and magnitude in connection with the recent global warming has to be studied in historical context of the long-term climate variability. The short period of systematic meteorological and hydrological measurements are extended by extremes derived from documentary sources of historical climatology and historical hydrology (taxation records, family archives, chronicles and newspapers) which complement a period of systematic observations. Southern Moravia as the important region of the Czech Republic, moreover well covered by corresponding archival sources with hydrometeorological data, is selected for the detail historicalclimatological study of extremes (frequency of the occurrence, magnitude, seasonality, reasons, impacts).

Provider: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy
Recipient: Mendelova univerzita v Brně
Keywords: Innovation, forest, biology, ecology
Annotation of project:
Východiskem trvale udržitelného rozvoje společnosti jsou znalosti biologie a ekologie a schopnost implementovat excelentní poznatky inovativními technickými a správními opatřeními v konkrétních ekonomických podmínkách. Inovací předmětů a studijních plánů budou začleněny principy systémové biologie a ekologie v kontextu inženýrské profilace výuky disciplín na LDF MENDELU. Prostředkem ke zvýšení kompetencí cílové skupiny (studenti Bc., Mgr. a Ph.D.), je zvýšení kvality a inovace systému vzdělávání, založené na znalostech v biologických a ekologických disciplínách. Projekt zdůrazňuje mezioborové souvislosti a napomáhá osvojení technologie implementace poznatků. Bude dosaženo obsahové a kvalitativní inovace biologicky a ekologicky zaměřených předmětů biologického základu a v předmětech orientovaných na aplikaci poznatků oboru. Cíle projektu budou naplněny při řešení 4 klíčových aktivit a vytváření výukového polygonu.Aktivity budou realizovány zaměstnanci předkladatele a partnery projektu.

Provider: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy
Recipient: Mendelova univerzita v Brně
Keywords: trees vitality, forest vitality
Annotation of project:
Cílem projektu je posílení kvality a excelence, zapojení do mezinárodních projektů a publikačních týmů, etablování členů cílové skupiny (CS), především mladých vědců a studentů, v mezinárodní vědě a jejich stabilizace. Zapojením vysoce kvalitního zahraničního vědce v oblasti komplexních chorob dřevin bude tým výzkumně navázán na instituce v Rakousku, Norsku, Itálii a Slovinsku. Týmové propojení zlepší odborné a organizační kompetence, excelenci členů CS projektu, zintenzivnění komunikační a týmové vazby na zahraniční instituce. Komplexní hodnocení zdravotního stavu lesů spolu s posouzením vitality, resp. stresové zátěže jednotlivých stromů je nezbytné pro pochopení působení klimatických extrémů a environmentálních změn. Pro interpretaci indikátorů vitality s cílem navrhnout opatření v adaptačním managementu a eliminovat dopady parciálních stresorů je nezbytná existence týmu schopného analýzy a syntézy znalostí, opatření je třeba navrhovat s vazbou na excelentní evropská pracoviště.

Provider: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy
Recipient: Mendelova univerzita v Brně
Keywords: forest ecosystem, inventarization of forest ecosystems
Annotation of project:
Cílem projektu je vytvoření funkční sítě institucí zabývající se širokou škálou aktivit v oblasti studia a inventarizace lesních ekosystémů, nastavení a zintenzivnění jejich spolupráce a vytvoření komunikační platformy. Cílovou skupinou jsou studenti, akademičtí a další pracovníci VŠ a další pracovníci zabývající se VaV aktivitami. Záměrem je prohloubení komunikace a interaktivní spolupráce mezi partnery formou studentských praxí a stáží, zpracování kvalifikačních prací v rámci multidisciplinárních týmů, kde budou zohledněny biologické i lesnické přístupy a následné interpretaci zjištěných skutečností. Lesy jsou stabilizačním prvkem středoevropské krajiny, kde jsou předmětem lesnického plánování, vycházejícího z biologicko-ekologických základů. Řešení otázek v lesnictví vyžaduje komplexní přístup a spolupráci řady oborů. Úlohou platformy je nastavení komunikace a uplatňování společného přístupu k lesním ekosystémům. Čtyři klíčové aktivity budou realizovány žadatelem a jeho partnery.

Provider: Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: global change, postdoc, intership, adaptation, adaptation strategies
Web of the project: http://czechglobe.cz/cs/projektove-stranky/post...
Annotation of project:
The main goal of the project is to create a qualified scientific multidisciplinary team focused on research and assessment of adaptation measures in the field of bioenergetics to global climate change. The core of this team will consist of scientists from Global Change Research Centre AS CR who will include two postdocs to it´s team. The postdocs will educate themselves on interships at top institutions. A key element will be different specialization of each postdoc suitably combining natural/environmental and social sciences. A broader view and understanding of the impact and complexity of the links in the area will be achieved by mutual cooperation of postdocs. The project aims to prepare career development for promising young scientists in this specialization which is missing in Czech Republic. Last but not least, the postdocs will disseminate their acquired knowledge, skills and experiences through publications, tutorials, workshops and courses for other young scientists and students in Czech Republic and abroad.