Provider: Ministerstvo školství mládeže a tělovýchovy
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: Riparian forests, dendrochronology, automatic dendrometers, tree water deficit, climate change, drought
Annotation of project:
1. Evaluate tree growth responses in pedunculate oak forests in the Danube region to environmental conditions, including extreme events. 2. Implement a multidisciplinary approach by combining different types of data (long-term interannual tree ring width and high-resolution intra-annual dendrometer data). 3. Develop a predictive monitoring system to track the vitality of these forests in near real-time. 4. Foster a collaborative, learning-through-research environment among a diverse team of researchers.

Provider: Ministerstvo školství mládeže a tělovýchovy
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: geomorphological analysis, photogrammetry, laser scanning, torrential watershed
Annotation of project:
The main aim of the project is to reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics of torrential/debris flood processes at different landscape conditions in the context of contemporary climate change; and to propose a methodology for evaluation of torrential/debris flood events and determining the type of flows using the innovative technologies (UAS, TLS, and GIS) as an alternative to classic methods of geomorphological research.

Provider: European Space Agency
Another participant in the project: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: xxx
Annotation of project:
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Provider: Ministerstvo zdravotnictví
Coordinating recipient: Fakultní nemocnice u sv. Anny ICRC
Another participant in the project: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: cancer, medulloblastoma, histones, high-grade glioma, DIPG, ependymoma, free, circulating, nucloesomes
Annotation of project:
In this proposal, we would like to focus the study on “liquid biopsies” as a novel non/less-invasive tools for cancer diagnosis. We aim at gaining a deep understanding of the variability and combinations of free circulating histones and their complexes, or nucleosomes in various PBTs, and if these can confer detection specificity and prognosis for CNS child patients. Aim 1. Diagnostic and prognostic values of circulating histones in the blood of children affected by medulloblastoma, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), neuroblastoma and ependymoma. Using ImageStreamX flowmicroscopy system we would like to screen samples of “bio-fluids” samples (blood and cerebrospinal fluid – CSF) of PBT patients for the presence of free circulating histones and their complexes that could have significant diagnostic value, which can be applicable in clinical praxis. Aim 2. Mechanisms of release of histones into the extracellular environment Within this aim we plan to disclose the putative cellular mechanisms, by which histones and their complexes are released from cells into the extracellular environment. Specifically, in vitro cellular systems we will measure the expression levels of chaperone enzymes and we will use siRNA technology to perturb/downregulate the individual chaperones, and accordingly detect whether these approaches would alter the respective secretory profile of extracellular histones.

Provider: Technologická agentura ČR
Recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: landfill; dump reclamation; waste volume; airborne spectroscopy; remote sensing; UAV; laser scanning; LiDAR;
Annotation of project:
Objectives of the project relate to the use of advanced airborne and UAV remote sensing methods for monitoring of active and closed (reclaimed) landfills. Specifically, objectives are as follows: 1. To develop a procedure for detecting shape and surface changes of an operational landfill using airborne laser scanning data. 2. To develop a procedure for monitoring of closed (reclaimed) landfills and their surroundings using remote sensing data.

Provider: Technologická agentura ČR
Another participant in the project: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: flash floods; climate change; urban areas
Annotation of project:
The aim of the project is to produce a series of design rainfall with respect to the projected climate change. The series provide a basis for the design and assessment of adaptation measures to reduce the impacts of rainfall extremes in urbanized areas (UA). Rainfall from previous and current projects and current sub-daily climate model simulations will be processed. A methodology will be developed to estimate runoff from rainfall events exceeding the capacity of blue-green infrastructure systems and to protect UA from flooding. The water balance at the pilot sites will be quantified using the derived design series and the possibility of using the volume of water from rainfall during dry periods will be assessed. UA will be categorised based on the risk of water inflow from non-UA.

Provider: Ministerstvo zemědělství
Another participant in the project: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: Organic farming; Conventional farming; Ecosystem services assessment and valuation; Agrarian ecosystems
Annotation of project:
The project aims to compare the impact of conventional (CF) and organic farming (OF) on the provision of ecosystem services (ES), using own research, available data and literature. ES whose provision is crucial both for the long-term resilience of agrarian ecosystems and for maintaining the resilience of the whole environment will be quantified. By quantifying ES in biophysical units (in OF and CF) and their subsequent assessment, including life cycle assessment of selected agricultural products, the hitherto insufficiently under-considered added value of OF production in relation to the ES will be analysed. Arguments and recommendations for (adjusting) the setting of OF support in accordance with the Czech Action Plan of OF and other related documents will be formulated.

Provider: Ministerstvo zemědělství
Another participant in the project: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: wind erosion; GAEC; climate
Annotation of project:
The aim of the project is to prepare documents for the state administration, which in the context of soil protection and sustainable management would enable it to comprehensively grasp the issue of wind erosion in the Czech Republic, including its impacts on land drying and rational area of crops. The solution will use state-of-the-art approaches to modeling long-term soil loss compatible with EU requirements, and will include predictions of developments due to global change. The relevance, timeliness and quality of soil and climatic data entering the model are ensured by the composition of the research team. The results of the model will be verified and calibrated by field and laboratory determination of the real soil loss. The conditions of good agricultural practice (DZES 5) as well.

Provider: Ministerstvo zemědělství
Coordinating recipient: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: Carbon farming; carbon sequestration; nitrous oxide; methane; cover crops; intercropping; no-till technologies
Annotation of project:
Design an effective management system on agricultural land leading to long-term sequestration of stable carbon in the soil in the form of MAOM (mineral-associated organic matter) and a significant reduction in nitrous oxide or methane emissions. Design decision support tools for evaluating the spatial variability of the stable organic carbon sequestration potential in soil and develop an online portal for quantifying the stable carbon sequestration for the proposed system of measures and given local conditions, including an economic evaluation. Propose the most efficient and accurate methods for evaluating and certifying the amount of long-term sequestered carbon. Develop the expert tool supporting the reduction of nitrous oxide and methane emissions.

Provider: Grantová agentura České republiky
Another participant in the project: Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.
Keywords: biogeochemistry; calcium; nitrogen; phosphorus; acidification; eutrophication; transpiration; water-use efficiency; WUE; forest; ecosystem; Norway spruce; European beech
Annotation of project:
Studies suggest that plant intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE), the ratio of carbon assimilation to water loss, has increased in response to increases in atmospheric CO2. However, the magnitude of iWUE changes in time and space remains highly uncertain. We propose that changes in tree iWUE might be closely linked to the availability of calcium (Ca) due to its essential role in leaf gas exchange. To unravel the complex feedbacks among environmental factors influencing tree physiology (namely Ca), we seek to sample tree rings, foliage and soils of a variety of tree stands (coniferous and broadleaves) alongside nutrients (Ca, nitrogen [N], phosphorus [P]) gradient. Application of the dual carbon-oxygen isotope measurements will clarify contributions of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance on century long iWUE trends. Given the uniqueness of our sites, arising from the diverse legacy of acidic deposition (directly affecting Ca and N availability), we will test to what extent the iWUE long-term trends and current spatial distribution are modulated by catchment Ca (N, P) availability.